Pathways to U.S. Citizenship
Comprehensive documentation of every legal pathway to becoming a United States citizen, each grounded in specific sections of federal law.
Citizenship at Birth
Automatic citizenship for those born in the U.S. or to U.S. citizen parents abroad
Key Requirements
- Birth in the United States (14th Amendment)
- Birth abroad to two U.S. citizen parents
- Birth abroad to one U.S. citizen parent (with physical presence requirements)
- Foundlings discovered in U.S. under age 5
Naturalization (5-Year Path)
Standard pathway for lawful permanent residents to become U.S. citizens
Key Requirements
- 5 years continuous residence as LPR
- 30 months physical presence in U.S.
- 3 months residence in filing state/district
- Good moral character throughout
- Pass English and civics tests
- Take Oath of Allegiance
Marriage to U.S. Citizen (3-Year Path)
Expedited naturalization for spouses of U.S. citizens living in marital union
Key Requirements
- 3 years continuous residence as LPR
- 18 months physical presence
- Living in marital union for 3 years
- Spouse must be U.S. citizen for entire 3 years
- Good moral character for 3-year period
Military Service
Special naturalization provisions for members of the U.S. Armed Forces
Key Requirements
- Peacetime: 1 year honorable service
- Wartime: Any qualifying service during hostilities
- No residence requirements if filed during/within 6 months of service
- No filing fees
- Expedited processing available
Derivative Citizenship
Automatic citizenship for children of U.S. citizens under specific conditions
Key Requirements
- At least one parent is U.S. citizen
- Child under 18 years of age
- Child is lawful permanent resident
- Child residing in custody of citizen parent
- Includes biological and adopted children
Important Legal Notice
The information provided on this website is for educational purposes only and is based on federal statutes (Title 8 U.S.C.) and regulations (8 CFR). Immigration law is complex and subject to change. This information does not constitute legal advice.
Always consult with a licensed immigration attorney for advice specific to your individual situation. USCIS policies and processing times may vary.